Iraq’s former Grand Mufti, Rafi al-Rifai, is facing legal action over allegations of sectarian incitement. The case highlights tensions surrounding his controversial rhetoric and influence.
An adviser to the Prime Minister, Diaa al-Ameeri, filed a lawsuit against al-Rifai, accusing him of encouraging violence against security forces and spreading sectarian incitement. Al-Ameeri emphasized that al-Rifai’s statements contributed to widespread suffering, including deaths, injuries, and displacement across Iraq. He urged the judiciary to take swift action and encouraged citizens to report similar offenses through legal channels.
The legal complaint, obtained by local media, was submitted jointly by al-Ameeri, Nizar Qassem Salman al-Omari, and Nasser Jahaz Ruwaid al-Mayahi. The plaintiffs claim al-Rifai used media appearances to provoke attacks on security personnel, foster sectarian divisions, and express support for extremist groups. They also requested a travel ban and compensation under Iraqi law.
Al-Rifai returned to Baghdad recently after several years abroad. He received a formal welcome from National Security Adviser Qassem al-Araji and various religious and social figures. His return came after the dismissal of terrorism-related charges under an undisclosed political arrangement.
Rafi al-Rifai previously served as Grand Mufti during the early government of former Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki. He left Iraq in 2013 amid the Al-Anbar protests and settled in Amman, Jordan. During his time abroad, he remained active through media and religious commentary.
His return has generated mixed reactions. Critics argue that he incited attacks against security forces, especially targeting Shiite personnel, and cite past statements where he allegedly praised ISIS and opposed Grand Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani’s 2014 jihad fatwa. Meanwhile, supporters describe him as a victim of sectarian polarization and believe his return can promote national reconciliation.
Al-Rifai is also known for controversial religious rulings, such as banning trade in Iranian goods. This fatwa drew criticism from Sheikh Mahdi al-Sumaidaie, head of the Sunni Fatwa Council, who called the decision hasty and poorly timed.
As the case progresses, Iraqis remain divided on al-Rifai’s influence. Legal experts suggest the trial could set a precedent in holding religious figures accountable for sectarian incitement. The coming weeks will test the judiciary’s resolve in balancing freedom of speech with national security.
