Bahrain is home to numerous historical landmarks that showcase its rich cultural and historical heritage. These top 20 landmarks reflect the island’s diverse past, offering a fascinating journey through time. Whether you’re a history enthusiast or simply love exploring unique sites, these landmarks should be on your list.
1. A’ali East Burial Mound Field
The A’ali Burial Mounds are among the largest graveyards in the world. Spanning across 170,000 mounds, they lie between Hamad Town and A’ali, serving as a reminder of Bahrain’s ancient past. Dating back to around 3000 BC, these mounds predate the Great Pyramid of Giza by 500 years. Some of the most impressive mounds likely house the remains of royal families from the Dilmun civilization. As a UNESCO World Heritage site, it offers an unforgettable exploration of Bahrain’s early history.
2. Al-Khamis Mosque
Believed to have been built around 692, Al-Khamis Mosque is one of the oldest mosques in Bahrain. The mosque is decorated with Kufic script and faded murals, offering a glimpse into Bahrain’s Islamic heritage. It stands as a testament to the rapid spread of Islam in the region. Furthermore, this mosque is one of the most iconic historical landmarks in Bahrain, highlighting the country’s deep Islamic roots.
3. Al Fateh Grand Mosque
Located in Juffair, the Al Fateh Grand Mosque is one of the largest mosques in the world. With a capacity of 7,000 worshippers, it holds a significant place in Bahrain’s religious and architectural history. Non-Muslim visitors can tour the mosque outside prayer hours, making it a popular stop for those interested in Islamic culture and architecture.
4. Arad Fort
Built in the 15th century, Arad Fort in Muharraq has played a strategic role throughout history. It gained prominence during the brief Omani invasion in the 19th century. The fort has been beautifully restored and now offers a glimpse into Bahrain’s military past. Additionally, it becomes a striking sight when illuminated at night.
5. Bahrain Pearling Path
The Bahrain Pearling Path is a UNESCO World Heritage site that traces Bahrain’s legacy in the pearl industry. The 3.5-kilometer path winds through homes and warehouses that once fueled this prosperous trade. Visitors can learn about the importance of pearling to Bahrain’s economy at the new visitor center along the trail.
6. Barbar Temple
Discovered by a Danish expedition in 1954, the Barbar Temple dates back to the third millennium BC. The temple was used for religious worship, including the cult of the Mesopotamian god Enki. As one of the most significant historical landmarks in Bahrain, it offers valuable insights into early religious practices.
7. Beit Al Jasra Heritage House
Built in 1907, Beit Al Jasra offers a glimpse into the traditional way of life in Bahrain. The house is made from local materials, such as coral stones and palm trunks. Additionally, visitors can explore the Al Jasra Handicrafts Center, which showcases traditional Bahraini crafts like pottery and weaving.
8. Cathedral of Our Lady Arabia
In December 2021, the largest Catholic cathedral in the Gulf, the Cathedral of Our Lady Arabia, opened its doors in Awali. With a seating capacity of 2,200, this modern structure symbolizes Bahrain’s commitment to religious tolerance and cultural diversity.
9. Dilmun Burial Mounds
The Dilmun Burial Mounds, some dating back to 2050 BCE, are scattered across A’Ali, Madinat Hamad, and Janabiyah. They were the final resting places of Dilmun royalty and are spread across 21 different archaeological sites. A museum in Saar is dedicated to telling the story of these ancient graves, offering a deep dive into Bahrain’s history.
10. Diraz Temple
Discovered by British archaeologists in the 1970s, the Diraz Temple is unique for its use of large cylindrical columns, setting it apart from other temples in the region. Although excavation stopped mysteriously, the site remains a fascinating destination for those interested in ancient Bahrain.
11. Bab Al Bahrain
Built by the British in 1945, Bab Al Bahrain was originally a government office building. It now serves as the gateway to the Manama Souq. After renovations in 1986, the building was redesigned in an Islamic style, which adds to its historical charm.
12. First Oil Well
The discovery of oil in Bahrain in 1931 marked a pivotal moment in the history of the Gulf. The first oil well, located at Jebel Dukhan, changed the region’s economy and global standing. The site offers a historical perspective on how oil shaped Bahrain’s future.
13. Manama Souq
The Manama Souq is one of the most authentic markets in the Gulf, offering a true Bahraini shopping experience. Its winding paths and bustling atmosphere make it a must-see for visitors interested in Bahrain’s cultural heritage.
14. Qal’at Al Bahrain (Bahrain Fort)
Bahrain Fort, known locally as Qal’at Al Bahrain, is nearly 5,000 years old. It has been inhabited since the third century BC and was once the capital of the Dilmun civilization. The site includes a museum that offers detailed insights into the fort’s rich history.
15. Riffa Fort
Built in 1812, Riffa Fort was once the seat of power in Bahrain. It offers a fascinating look at Bahrain’s monarchy and its history. Although it is currently closed for restoration, the fort remains a key historical landmark in the country.
16. Saar Archaeological Site
The Saar archaeological site provides compelling evidence of the ancient Dilmun civilization. Excavations have uncovered a well-organized village dating back to the third millennium BC, shedding light on Bahrain’s early societal structures.
17. Sheikh Isa bin Ali House
The Sheikh Isa bin Ali House in Muharraq is an iconic example of 19th-century Gulf architecture. Built for the ruler of Bahrain, the house features intricate Islamic bas reliefs and offers a glimpse into the royal lifestyle before the discovery of oil.
18. Siyadi House
Siyadi House, built by a prominent pearl merchant, is a stunning example of early 20th-century architecture in Bahrain. The house, with its geometric designs and intricate engravings, offers a unique look into the country’s pearl trading history.
19. St. Christopher’s Cathedral
St. Christopher’s Cathedral symbolizes Bahrain’s commitment to religious tolerance. Located in the heart of Manama, it caters to the Anglican community and serves as a notable piece of Bahrain’s colonial past.
20. Tree of Life
The Tree of Life stands alone in the Bahraini desert, defying the odds by surviving without an apparent water source. Estimated to be over 100 years old, this mesquite tree has become a national symbol of resilience and endurance. Local legends link it to Bahrain’s ancient Dilmun period.
Bahrain’s landmarks offer a diverse and rich historical narrative, making the island a fascinating destination for history lovers. Whether you’re exploring ancient burial mounds or modern religious buildings, Bahrain’s past is deeply woven into its present.
